Internal-combustion engine



J. FRELLOEHR.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED rEB.21,192o.

1,437,051, Patented Nov. 28,1922,

zsHEETs-SHEET 1.

Il? d r zINVENTOR ATTORN EY I. FRELLOEHR.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21,1920.

1,437,051; 2 Patented Nov. 28,1922.

NVENTOR BY I ence numerals refer to like parts,

Patented Nov. 28, 1922.

,l lf STTS JULIUs FRELLOEHR, or NEW Yoran, N. Y.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

' Application. mea February 21, 1920..Y serial No. 360,390.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be itv known that I, JULIUs FRELLOEHR, a citizen. of the United States,residing'at the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the countyand Stateof New York,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-CombustionEngines, of which the following 1s a full, clear, and exactspecification.

This invention relates to improvements 1n internal combustion engines,and has for its object to providean engine which will be efficient inoperation.

Further, the invention hasY for its object to provide .an engine inlwhich the cylinder may at will be held stationary or be permitted torotate.

Further, the invention has forits object to provide an engine in whichboth ends of the cylinder constitute explosion chambers in order torender the engine double acting.

Further,` the invention has for its object to provide an engine in whichthe length of the stroke of the piston may be readily increased ordecreased, as desired. i,

` Other objects will in part be obvious and in part be pointed outhereinafter.

To the attainment of Vthe. aforesaid objects and .ends my inventionconsists in the novel details of construction, and Yinv the combination,connection and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described andthen pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, whereinlike refer- Figure 1 is a sectional view taken .on the line 1 1 of Fig.2, showing an engine constructed according to and embodying theinvention;

Fig. 2 is a side el broken away; v n

Fig. 3 is a `plan view, parts being broken away;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail view of a portion of the driving mechanism,and

Fig. v5 is a detail perspective view of the valve operating mechanism.

Referring to the drawings, designates a frame comprising upwardlyextending standards 11, and 12, the standard 11 being provided at itsupper end ,with a hollow bearing 13, and the standard 12 beingproevation, parts being vided with two bearings 14 and 15, of which thebearing 14 is of greater diameter than the bearing 15. The bearings 14and 15 have keyways 16 iand..17," respectively,y formed therein for apurpose hereinafter described. A supply pipe 18, leading from the sourceof fuel supply, communicates with the hollow bearing 13- Supported uponthe standards 11 and 12 1s a: cyllnder 19, to one side of which issecured a hollow shaft or trunnion fjournailed within the hollow bearing13 and .provided with an opening 21 communicating with the interior' ofthe bearing 13. 'Secured te' the opposite side of the cylinder 19 arebrackets 22, 22, which carry .a plate 23 provided with a vsleeve 24journalled within the bearing 14 on the standard 12, andhaving akeyway24. formed therein adapted to register with the keyway 116 in thebearing 14 vwhen the cylinder19 is in its horizontal position.

Reciprfocatingly mounted within the cylinder 19 isa hollow piston 25,having an elongated slot k26 formed in itswall and registering with theinner end of the hollow shaft 20, wherebyfuel will be admittedconstantly into the interior'of the piston 25 lduring the operation .ofthe engine. Spring pressed valves 27, 27, positionedwithin the ends ofthe lpiston 25, serve to controlthe flow of the fuel fromthe interiorlof the piston 25. into theends of the cylinder 19, as hereinafterexplained;

Secured to the through a slot28 in the wall of the cylinder 19,.is astud 29,.upon the outer end of which is fixed a block 30 provided withlaterally `extending pins 31, `31, slidingly supported within holesformedin Athe brackets 22, 22. Formed in the outer surface of the block30 is a groove 32, adapted to ,re-

ceive a. roller 33carried upon astud 34 adjustably supported within aslot 35 formed in a disk-36. :The disk 36 is fixed to the inner end of ashaft .37 which extends through thefplate23 and the sleeve 24, and isjournalled within the bearing '15.. The shaft'37has. a keyway 37 formedtherein adapted to register with the keyway 17 formed in. the bearing15.

Secured to the inner end of the shaft 37, adjacent the disk 36,V is agear wheelr 39 meshing with avgear wheel 40 fixed to a shaft 41rotatably mounted upon the cylinder 19, and carrying earns 42, 43, whichare set ninety degrees apart. The cams 42 and 43 engage rollers y44, 45,arranged adjacent to piston 25, andextending the inner slotted ends ofvalve actuating.

members 46, 47, whose outer ends are slidingly mounted within guides 48,48 carried by the cylinder 19. The outer ends of the members 46, 47 arebent inwardly with rcspect to the cylinder 19, and engage springclosedexhaust valves 49, 49, positioned within the heads of the cylinder 19.In Lthe embodiment of the invention shown the gea-r wheel 40 has rtwiceas many teeth as has the gear wheel 39.

Pulleys or the like 50 and 51 are secured to the outer ends of theshafts 2O and 37, respectively.

By placing a key 52 within the keyways 16 and 24, when the same are inregister with one another, the sleeve 24, and, therefore, the cylinder 19 will be held against rotation, whereas, if the key .52 is placedwithin the keyways 17 and 37', when in register with one another, theshaft 37 will be held against rotation.

The operation of the engine is as follows Assuming that it is desired tohave the c ylinder 19 held stationary and to permit the shaft 37 torotate, the key 52 is positioned within the registering keyways 16 and24, whereupon, as the piston 25 is reciprocated within the fixedcylinder 19, the reciprocation of the slotted block 30, through themedium of the 'roller 33upon the stud 34, will cause rotation of thedisk 36 and of the shaft 87 tor which it is secured. Each end of thecylinder 19 constitutes an explosion chamber and the cycle ofoperations' occurring` at eac-h end of the` cylinder 19 is the same thattakes place in an engine of the usual four cycle type, it beingunderstood that the various parts are so adjusted and arranged that theseveral opera-tions occurring at one end of the cylinder take placeahalf of a revolution behind theA corresponding operations at the otherend thereof.

After the burnt gases have been exhausted from either end of thecylinder 19, as the piston 25 begins its next stroke, the valve 27, atthe corresponding end of the piston 25, will open, thus allowing a freshcharge of fuel to enter that end of the cylinder' 19. During the nextstroke of the piston 25, this kcharge will be compressed and ignition ofthe same will be effected as theV piston 25 reaches the end of thestroke, thus causing the piston 25 to be driven in the reversedirection. During the next stroke of thepiston 25 one or the other ofthe valve actuating` members 4G, 47 will be actuated to open the exhaustvalve 49 with which it co-acts thus permitting the burnt gases to bedischarged .from the end ofthe cylinder 19, whereupon the cycle will berepeated.

By varying the position of the stud 34 and the roller 33 with respect tothe slot 35 in `the disk 36, the lengthy of the stroke of the piston 25may be varied, the stroke being shortened as the stud 34 is movedinwardly, and vice versa.

If it is desired to have the cylinder 19 rotate, the key 52 ispositioned Within the keyways 17 and 37 lto hold the shaft 37 againstrotation. lVhen this is done, the reciprocarwhen' the cylinders are inthe vertical position.

Havingthus described my said invention, what l claim and desire tosecure by Lottcrs Patent is 1.v An internal combustion engine comprisinga frame, a shaft composed of a pair of parts rotatably supportedthereon, a cylindper secured to one of said shaft parts, a` bracketsecured to said cylinder, a sleeve secured to said bracket andenclosingthe other of said shaft parts; said sleeve being rotatably mounted uponsaid frame, and means to hold either said sleevel or said shaft parttherein against rotation, substantially as specified.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a shaft securedthereto, a piston within said cylinder, a shaft operatively connected tosaid piston, a sleeve secured to said cylinder and embracing said secondmentioned shaft, and means to hold either said sleeve or said secondmentioned shaft against rotation, substantially as specified.

ln an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a piston therein, agrooved member ycarried by said piston, a shaft, and means supported bysaid shaft and slidingly engaging the groove in said member, said meansbeing adiustable whereby the length of stroke of said piston. may bevaried, substantially as specified.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a piston therein, agroo'ved block carried by said piston, a shaft, a disk secured thereto,and a stud carried by said disk and engaging the groove in said block,said stud being adjustable whereby the length of stroke of said pistonmay be varied, substantially as specified.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising a frame, a shaft composed ofa pair of parts rotatably supported upon said frame` a cylinder securedto one of said shaft parts, valves inthe ends of said cylinder, a pistonworking in said cylinder, means for admitting an explosive mixture tothe ends of said cylinder, a sleeve upon said secondnamed shaft part androtatably supported upon said frame, a member fixed upon the inner endof said second-named shaft part, a pin extending from said member, amember on said piston extending through said cylinder and adapted toreceive the pin on said first-named member. and means operated by saidsecond-named shaft part for ctuating said valves, substantially asspeci- 6. An internal combustion engine comprising a frame, a shaftcomposed of a pair of parts rotatably supported upon said frame, acylinder secured to one of said shaft parts, valves in the ends of saidcylinder, a piston Working in said cylinder, means for admitting anexplosive mixture to the ends of said cylinder, a sleeve upon saidsecond-named shaft part and rotatably supported upon said frame, amember fixed upon the inner end of said second-named shaft part, a pinextending from said member, a member on said piston extending throughsaid cylinder and adapted to receive the pin on the member fixed uponsaid second-named shaft part, means for guiding the member on saidpiston longitudinally of said cylinder, and means operated by saidsecond-named shaft part for actuating said valves, substantially asspecified.

7. An internal combustion engine comprising a frame, a shaft composed ofa pair of parts rotatably supported upon said frame, a cylinder securedto one of said shaft parts, said cylinder having a longitudinal slottherein, valves in the opposite ends of said cylinder, a piston Workingin said cylinder, means for admitting an explosive mixture to the endsof said cylinder, a member secured to said piston and extending throughthe longitudinal slot in said cylinder, a slotted member secured to theouter end of said member, a sleeve disposed upon said second-named shaftpart and rotatably supported upon said frame, a disc fixed upon theinner end of said secondnamed shaft part, a pin adjustably mounted uponsaid disc, adapted to engage the slotted member on said first-namedmember, a gear on said second-named shaft part, a shaft supportedtransversely upon said cylinder, a gear on said last-named shaft meshingwith the gear on said second-named shaft part, a pair of valve-operatingmembers mounted upon said cylinder and engaging the valves in the endsthereof, and cam means on said shaft adapted to actuate saidvalve-operating members, substantially as specified.

8. An internal combustion engine comprising a frame, a shaft composed ofa pair of parts rotatably supported upon said frame, a cylinder securedto one of said shaft parts, said cylinder having a longitudinal slottherein, valves in the opposite ends of said cylinder, guides mounted onthe ends of said cylinder, valve-operating rods siuiported in saidguides, studs at the inner ends of said valve-operating rods, a pistonworking in said cylinder, means for admitting an explosive mixture tothe ends of said cylinderpaimember secured to said piston and extendingthrough the longitudinal slot in said cylinder, a block secured to saidmember having a longitudinal slot therein, a sleeve disposed upon saidsecondnamed shaft part and rotatably supported upon said frame, meansfor locking said sleeve member with respect to said frame, a disc fixedupon the inner end of said secondnamed shaft part, a pin adjustablymounted upon said disc adapted to engage with the slot in the membercarried by said piston, a gear on said second-named shaft part, abearing mounted upon the cylinder and arranged transversely intermediatethe ends thereof, a shaft mounted in said bearing, a gear on said shaftmeshing With the gear on said second-named shaft part, and cams fixedupon said shaft cooperating with the stops upon said valve-operatingrods Whereby to actuate said valves, substantially as specified.

9. An internal combustion engine comprising a frame, a shaft composed ofa pair of parts rotatably supported upon said frame, a cylinder securedto one of said shaft parts, said cylinder having a longitudinal slottherein, valves in the opposite ends of said cylinder, guides mountedupon said cylinder, valve-operating rods supported in said guides,brackets upon said cylinder, a plate secured to the ends of saidbracket, a sleeve member secured to the plate and rotatably mounted insaid frame and enclosing the other of said shaft parts, a piston workingin said cylinder, means for admitting an explosive mixture to the endsof said cylinder, a member secured to said piston and extending throughthe longitudinal slot in said cylinder, a block secured to said memberhaving a longitudinal slot therein, guides arranged upon the oppositesides of said block and extending through said brackets, means forseverally locking said sleeve member and said shaft part therein withArespect to said frame, a disc fixed upon the inner end of saidsecondnamed shaft part, a pin adjustably mounted upon said disc adaptedto engage with the slot in the member carried by said piston, and meansoperated by said second-named shaft part for actuating saidvalve-operating rods, substantially as specied.

Signed at the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county andState of New York, this first day of August, @ne thousand nine hundredand nineteen.

JULIUS FRELLUEHP.

Witnesses Corman H. Dm'rnmorr, Josnrir G. QUTNN, Jr.

